What changed in nomad tax: a dated log

This log lists every change to the tax and residency rules we track, from new income tax bands and closed regimes to higher visa income floors, with its date and the source we read it at. It also records new versions of the Index scoring rules and any correction to our own figures.

Quick summary

  • Newest first and grouped by year; changes that take effect later are listed at the top
  • Each entry names the country or company jurisdiction, the change and its source
  • Only changes verified at an official source or a professional summary appear on the live site
  • Regimes that changed in the last 24 months are re-checked every quarter
  • New methodology versions and corrections to our figures are logged here too

Coming into force

  1. Tax and residency

    Armenia

    Law on Foreigners amendments take effect: AMD 1,000,000 in accounts or 60-day turnover for entrepreneur-based temporary residence, AMD 2,000,000 charter capital for company shareholders (EY Armenia).

    Source: ey.com (professional summary)

  2. Tax and residency

    Montenegro

    The digital nomad scheme ends on this date unless renewed.

    Source: gov.me

  3. Company formation

    Estonia

    Announced: the e-Residency state fee becomes a flat EUR 165.

    Source: e-resident.gov.ee

  4. Tax and residency

    Serbia

    Amendments to the Personal Income Tax Law (Official Gazette 80/2026) raise the non-taxable monthly salary amount to RSD 37,369 and let a lump-sum sole trader who loses lump-sum status opt for a personal salary; some articles apply from January 1, 2028.

    Source: paragraf.rs (professional summary)

  5. Tax and residency

    Albania

    Scheduled end of the 0% rate for individual traders, the self-employed and entities with gross income up to ALL 14 million.

    Source: tatime.gov.al

Changes in 2026

  1. Company formation

    Panama

    Moved from Annex I to Annex II of the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions (Council conclusions of October 9, 2026); Annex II pending a Global Forum in-depth review.

    Source: data.consilium.europa.eu

  2. Tax and residency

    Ireland

    PRSI Class S rises from 4.2% to 4.35%; self-assessed 2026 income is charged at a blended 4.2375%.

    Source: gov.ie

  3. Methodology 1.0

    Nomad Tax Map

    First version of the scoring rules for The Nomad Tax Index 2026: a live score and an incorporate score, each out of 100, scored only on verified figures.

  4. Tax and residency

    Costa Rica

    The government presented bill 25.796 to tax residents' foreign dividends, interest, royalties, rents and capital gains (active income stays territorial) and bill 25.797 to cut exemptions. Both are pending in the Legislative Assembly; rates and start date were not published in the report.

    Source: delfino.cr

  5. Tax and residency

    Panama

    A new Qualified Investor residence decree (Executive Decree 17 of 2026) replaced Executive Decree 722 of 2020, adding a $300,000 new-build real estate tier and a $750,000 private bank deposit tier.

    Source: icazalaw.com (professional summary)

  6. Tax and residency

    Romania

    The US and Romania Social Security (totalization) agreement entered into force, so a US citizen self-employed in Romania pays social contributions in one country, not both.

    Source: ssa.gov

  7. Company formation

    Ireland

    Ireland announced legislation giving journalists, researchers and some obliged entities access to the beneficial ownership register.

    Source: pinsentmasons.com (professional summary)

  8. Tax and residency

    Mauritius

    The Premium Visa remittance rule (Income Tax Act section 73B) is extended to golden visa holders (Finance Act 2026, assented August 12, 2026).

    Source: mra.mu

  9. Company formation

    United States

    FinCEN final rule makes the exemption permanent for US-created companies, effective August 14, 2026.

    Source: fincen.gov (professional summary)

  10. Tax and residency

    United Arab Emirates

    Small Business Relief extended to tax periods ending on or before December 31, 2029, AED 3,000,000 revenue threshold unchanged (Ministerial Decision No. 131 of 2026).

    Source: mof.gov.ae

  11. Company formation

    United Arab Emirates

    Small Business Relief extended to tax periods ending on or before December 31, 2029, with the AED 3,000,000 revenue threshold unchanged (Ministerial Decision No. 131 of 2026). Qualifying Free Zone Persons and multinational groups stay excluded.

    Source: mof.gov.ae

  12. Tax and residency

    Argentina

    New Monotributo categories: the category K ceiling for annual gross income rose to ARS 126,610,838.75, with monthly payments of ARS 49,527.18 to ARS 1,614,446.04 for services.

    Source: afip.gob.ar

  13. Tax and residency

    Bulgaria

    The 2026 State Social Security Budget Act (State Gazette 68 of July 28, 2026) raised the minimum monthly insurable income for the self-insured from EUR 550.66 to EUR 620.20 and the maximum insurable income from EUR 2,111.64 to EUR 2,300.

    Source: noi.bg

  14. Company formation

    United States

    Delaware fee schedule revised. The LLC formation fee stays at $110 and a C-corporation incorporation starts at $109.

    Source: corpfiles.delaware.gov

  15. Tax and residency

    Andorra

    Minimum wage raised to EUR 1,568.67 a month (Decree 253/2026), which sets the passive residence income floor at EUR 56,472 a year.

    Source: cass.ad

  16. Tax and residency

    Czechia

    Band 1 flat-rate tax payment cut from CZK 9,984 to CZK 9,162 a month, retroactive to January 1, 2026; the minimum monthly social insurance base for a main activity is 35% of the average wage.

    Source: financnisprava.gov.cz

  17. Tax and residency

    Mauritius

    A 35% band on chargeable income above MUR 12 million replaces the Fair Share Contribution, which now applies to the 2025-26 income year only (Finance Act 2026).

    Source: mra.mu

  18. Tax and residency

    Romania

    Minimum gross wage raised from RON 4,050 to RON 4,325 a month, which lifts the fixed bases for self-employed pension and health contributions in later years.

    Source: agerpres.ro (professional summary)

  19. Tax and residency

    Bulgaria

    FATF found that Bulgaria has substantially completed its grey-list action plan; it stays on the list until an on-site assessment confirms the reforms.

    Source: fatf-gafi.org

  20. Tax and residency

    Dominican Republic

    Law 30-26 also makes residents' foreign-source technical assistance income taxable, and technical assistance used in the country Dominican-source even when rendered from abroad.

    Source: deloitte.com (professional summary)

  21. Tax and residency

    Dominican Republic

    Law 30-26 was promulgated. From fiscal year 2027 the personal exemption rises to DOP 480,000 and a 27% rate applies above DOP 4,800,000 (about $80,700); real estate gains of individuals are taxed at 10% immediately.

    Source: dgii.gov.do

  22. Company formation

    United States

    Delaware HB 400 signed: the LLC annual tax rises from $300 to $400, starting with tax year 2026, and several filing fees rise from August 1, 2026.

    Source: corp.delaware.gov (professional summary)

  23. Tax and residency

    Czechia

    Digital Nomad Program income floor rose to CZK 73,823 a month (1.5 times the average gross salary in Ministry of Labour announcement No. 44/2026 Coll.).

    Source: ey.com (professional summary)

  24. Tax and residency

    Colombia

    Constitutional Court ruling C-079 of 2026 struck down Emergency Decree 1474 of 2025 in full, including its lower 40,000 UVT wealth tax threshold for individuals; DIAN may not assess or collect taxes under it, and the Law 2277 threshold of 72,000 UVT applies.

    Source: corteconstitucional.gov.co

  25. Company formation

    Georgia

    Law No. 1509 exempts work for non-resident clients connected with their activity outside Georgia from the right-to-work rule, so an individual entrepreneur whose clients are all abroad does not need it.

    Source: matsne.gov.ge

  26. Tax and residency

    Georgia

    The Law on Labour Migration stops applying to a foreigner who works or renders services for a non-resident person in connection with that person's activity outside Georgia, so an individual entrepreneur with only foreign clients needs no right to work (Law No. 1509 of April 15, 2026, in force on publication).

    Source: matsne.gov.ge

  27. Tax and residency

    United Kingdom

    Dividend ordinary and upper rates rose by 2 points to 10.75% and 35.75%; the additional rate stays 39.35%.

    Source: gov.uk

  28. Tax and residency

    Hong Kong

    Basic allowance raised from HKD 132,000 to HKD 145,000 from 2026/27.

    Source: ird.gov.hk

  29. Company formation

    Hong Kong

    Business registration levy of HKD 150 applies again to certificates commencing from April 1, 2026, after 2 years at HKD 0; the 1-year certificate costs HKD 2,350.

    Source: ird.gov.hk

  30. Tax and residency

    Puerto Rico

    Act 38-2026 (House Bill 505) sets a 4% rate on interest, dividends and post-move gains for Resident Individual Investor applicants from January 1, 2027, extends the program to 2055, cuts the non-residence look-back from 10 to 6 years and requires a home purchase within 2 years. Applications filed by December 31, 2026 keep 0% until 2035.

    Source: aafaf.pr.gov

  31. Tax and residency

    Georgia

    Foreigners without permanent residence need the right to work before paid work, including remote work for a local employer, or entrepreneurial activity in Georgia (Government Resolution No. 70 of February 20, 2026 and amendments to the labour migration and aliens laws).

    Source: norway.mfa.gov.ge

  32. Company formation

    Georgia

    Foreigners without permanent residence need the right to work for entrepreneurial activity in Georgia. It does not affect an LLC owned and run from abroad.

    Source: norway.mfa.gov.ge

  33. Tax and residency

    Georgia

    The property value that qualifies for the short-term residence permit rose from more than USD 100,000 to more than USD 150,000 (Law No 863 of June 26, 2025, in force March 1, 2026).

    Source: matsne.gov.ge

  34. Tax and residency

    Colombia

    Decree 159 of 2026 set the 2026 minimum wage transitionally at COP 1,750,905 after the Council of State suspended Decree 1469 of 2025 on February 12, 2026; it stays in force until the Council rules on the annulment case. Visa income floors are set in minimum wages.

    Source: dapre.presidencia.gov.co

  35. Tax and residency

    Antigua and Barbuda

    The EU removed Antigua and Barbuda from Annex II (cooperative jurisdictions with pending commitments) of its list of non-cooperative tax jurisdictions.

    Source: taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu

  36. Company formation

    British Virgin Islands

    Kept on Annex II of the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions at the February 2026 update.

    Source: taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu

  37. Tax and residency

    Montenegro

    Montenegro remains on Annex II of the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions (pending commitments).

    Source: taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu

  38. Company formation

    Panama

    Kept on Annex I of the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions at the February 2026 update.

    Source: taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu

  39. Company formation

    Seychelles

    Removed from Annex II of the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions after meeting the exchange of information on request standard; Seychelles is now on neither annex.

    Source: taxation-customs.ec.europa.eu

  40. Tax and residency

    Andorra

    Law 2/2026 (Omnibus 2) in force: passive residence investment raised to EUR 1,000,000 (EUR 400,000 via the Housing Fund) and the EUR 50,000 payment to the Andorran Financial Authority made non-refundable.

    Source: rtva.ad (professional summary)

  41. Tax and residency

    Mexico

    The UMA rose to MXN 117.31 a day, which lifts every visa income and savings threshold expressed in UMA days.

    Source: kpmg.com (professional summary)

  42. Company formation

    United Kingdom

    Companies House fees rose: online incorporation from GBP 50 to GBP 100 and the online confirmation statement from GBP 34 to GBP 50.

    Source: gov.uk (professional summary)

  43. Tax and residency

    Brazil

    The 2026 INSS table set the social security ceiling at BRL 8,475.55 a month and the floor at BRL 1,621.00 (Portaria Interministerial MPS/MF 13).

    Source: gov.br

  44. Tax and residency

    Cyprus

    Self-employed people pay a new 0.5% contribution to the Human Resources Development Authority fund on their weekly insurable income, on top of 16.6% social insurance and 4% GHS.

    Source: mlsi.gov.cy

  45. Tax and residency

    Albania

    Minimum wage for social contributions raised to ALL 50,000 a month (from ALL 40,000) and the maximum to ALL 186,416.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  46. Tax and residency

    Argentina

    Income tax thresholds are now indexed to CPI twice a year instead of once; for January to June 2026 the 35% band starts at ARS 60,750,914.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  47. Tax and residency

    Barbados

    Personal income tax rates cut from 12.5% to 11.5% and from 28.5% to 27.5% from income year 2026, announced in the March 16, 2026 budget.

    Source: bra.gov.bb

  48. Company formation

    Bulgaria

    Bulgaria adopted the euro. State fees are now stated in euro (EUR 28.12 to register an EOOD online) and the minimum capital is EUR 1.

    Source: registryagency.bg

  49. Company formation

    Bulgaria

    The VAT registration threshold became EUR 51,130, measured per calendar year.

    Source: nra.bg

  50. Tax and residency

    Croatia

    Means-of-subsistence regulation amended (Official Gazette 3/26); the digital nomad income requirement is EUR 3,622.50 a month and the stay can last up to 18 months.

    Source: mup.gov.hr (professional summary)

  51. Company formation

    Cyprus

    Corporate tax rose from 12.5% to 15% (Law 244(I)/2025). A Cyprus-incorporated company is now resident unless a tax treaty says otherwise.

    Source: gov.cy

  52. Tax and residency

    Cyprus

    Special defence contribution on dividends cut from 17% to 5% for domiciled individuals (profits from 2026), deemed dividend distribution abolished for profits from 2026, SDC on rent abolished, and a paid non-dom extension of EUR 250,000 per 5-year period introduced.

    Source: gov.cy

  53. Company formation

    Cyprus

    Special Defence Contribution on dividends to resident domiciled individuals cut from 17% to 5%, deemed dividend distribution ended for profits from 2026, and a new 5% charge on dividends to related companies in low-tax jurisdictions.

    Source: gov.cy

  54. Company formation

    Cyprus

    Stamp duty abolished.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  55. Tax and residency

    Cyprus

    Tax reform in force: tax-free band raised to EUR 22,000 with new bands up to 35% above EUR 72,000; corporate tax raised from 12.5% to 15%; the 60-day rule no longer requires not being resident elsewhere; Cyprus-incorporated companies resident by default unless a treaty says otherwise.

    Source: gov.cy

  56. Tax and residency

    Estonia

    Basic exemption set at EUR 700 a month (EUR 8,400 a year) for everyone, no longer reduced as income rises.

    Source: emta.ee

  57. Tax and residency

    Georgia

    Foreign visitors must hold health and accident insurance for their whole stay (press reports; residence permit holders exempt).

    Source: georgiatoday.ge

  58. Tax and residency

    Greece

    New income tax scale for wages, pensions and business income (9% to 44%, with a new 39% band from EUR 40,000 to EUR 60,000 and lower scales for families and people under 30), Law 5246/2025.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  59. Tax and residency

    Hungary

    Flat-rate sole proprietors deduct 45% of revenue as costs instead of 40%, and the minimum social contribution tax base for sole proprietors is the minimum wage without the 112.5% multiplier.

    Source: nav.gov.hu

  60. Tax and residency

    Hungary

    Minimum wage HUF 322,800 and guaranteed minimum wage HUF 373,200 a month (Government Decree 426/2025), which set the flat-rate revenue limit at HUF 38,736,000 and the tax-free amount at HUF 1,936,800.

    Source: nav.gov.hu

  61. Company formation

    Hungary

    The small business VAT exemption threshold rose to HUF 20 million, with HUF 22 million scheduled for 2027.

    Source: nav.gov.hu

  62. Tax and residency

    Ireland

    SARP extended to arrivals up to December 31, 2030, with the earnings floor raised from EUR 100,000 to EUR 125,000 (Finance Act 2025).

    Source: kpmg.com (professional summary)

  63. Tax and residency

    Ireland

    The 2% USC band widened to EUR 28,700 (from EUR 27,382); the 3% band ends at EUR 70,044.

    Source: revenue.ie

  64. Tax and residency

    Italy

    Budget Law 199/2025 cut the middle IRPEF rate from 35% to 33% on income from EUR 28,000 to EUR 50,000, with the benefit clawed back above EUR 200,000.

    Source: agenziaentrate.gov.it

  65. Tax and residency

    Italy

    New-resident flat tax raised to EUR 300,000 a year (family members EUR 50,000) for people moving from 2026.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  66. Tax and residency

    Portugal

    Minimum wage rose to EUR 920 a month, lifting the D8 digital nomad income floor to EUR 3,680 a month.

    Source: dgert.gov.pt

  67. Tax and residency

    Romania

    Dividend tax raised from 10% to 16% for dividends distributed from 2026 (Law 141/2025); micro-enterprise regime limited to revenue up to EUR 100,000 at a single 1% rate.

    Source: static.anaf.ro

  68. Company formation

    Romania

    Micro-enterprise revenue ceiling cut to EUR 100,000 with a single 1% rate, and dividend tax raised from 10% to 16%.

    Source: static.anaf.ro

  69. Company formation

    Romania

    New Trade Register fees reported: RON 200 per registration request, RON 100 online.

    Source: onrc.ro

  70. Tax and residency

    Serbia

    Non-taxable monthly salary amount set at RSD 34,221 (Official Gazette 109/2025), to be indexed to consumer prices from 2027.

    Source: paragraf.rs (professional summary)

  71. Tax and residency

    Spain

    Minimum wage of EUR 1,221 a month sets the telework visa floor at EUR 2,442 a month for a single applicant.

    Source: exteriores.gob.es

  72. Tax and residency

    Spain

    Self-employed contribution brackets for 2026 kept at 2025 levels, with the maximum base raised to EUR 5,101.20 and the intergenerational equity rate at 0.9% (Royal Decree-Law 3/2026, Orden PJC/297/2026).

    Source: boe.es

  73. Tax and residency

    Uruguay

    Law 20.446 of December 16, 2025 (published January 8, 2026) taxes all foreign capital income and gains of residents at 12%, attributes passive income of foreign entities to 5% beneficial owners, replaces the 2020 tax holiday with an 11-year impatriate regime for residents from 2026, and adds a fixed UI 1,875,000 option after the holiday.

    Source: impo.com.uy

Changes in 2025

  1. Tax and residency

    Portugal

    Law 73-A/2025 set the 2026 income tax table, starting at 12.5% up to EUR 8,342 with a top rate of 48% above EUR 86,634.

    Source: info.portaldasfinancas.gov.pt

  2. Tax and residency

    Colombia

    DIAN Resolution 000238 set the 2026 UVT at COP 52,374.

    Source: dian.gov.co

  3. Tax and residency

    Brazil

    Law 15.270 exempts monthly income up to BRL 5,000 from 2026, adds a minimum tax (IRPFM) rising to 10% on total annual income above BRL 600,000, and withholds 10% on dividends above BRL 50,000 a month from one Brazilian company.

    Source: planalto.gov.br

  4. Company formation

    United Kingdom

    Identity verification with Companies House became mandatory for new directors and persons with significant control, with a 12-month transition for existing ones.

    Source: gov.uk (professional summary)

  5. Company formation

    Malta

    Companies can elect a final 15% tax without imputation (FITWI) in place of the refund system, for at least 5 years.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  6. Company formation

    United Arab Emirates

    Ministerial Decision No. 229 of 2025 replaced the 2023 list of qualifying and excluded activities for Qualifying Free Zone Persons, with effect from June 1, 2023.

    Source: mof.gov.ae

  7. Company formation

    Romania

    Standard VAT rate rose from 19% to 21%.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  8. Tax and residency

    Mexico

    New general visa guidelines (DOF) set the solvency thresholds for temporary and permanent residence in UMA days: 680 days a month of income or 11,460 days of savings for temporary residence.

    Source: consulmex.sre.gob.mx

  9. Company formation

    Ireland

    New Companies Registration Office fee regulations: incorporation EUR 50 and the annual return EUR 20, both online only, with paper filing no longer priced.

    Source: irishstatutebook.ie

  10. Company formation

    British Virgin Islands

    Fees gazetted for requests to inspect the register of beneficial ownership ($75), with free objections and $50 applications for an exemption from disclosure.

    Source: laws.gov.vg

  11. Company formation

    Estonia

    Standard VAT rate rose from 22% to 24%.

    Source: e-resident.gov.ee

  12. Tax and residency

    Mauritius

    New bands of 0% up to MUR 500,000, 10% on the next MUR 500,000 and 20% above, plus a 15% Fair Share Contribution on leviable income above MUR 12 million.

    Source: mra.mu

  13. Tax and residency

    St Kitts and Nevis

    The Housing and Social Development Levy exemption threshold on employees' wages rose to XCD 520 a week (XCD 2,253.33 a month), with the minimum wage raised to XCD 500 a week.

    Source: socialsecurity.kn

  14. Tax and residency

    Bulgaria

    Amendments to the Foreigners Act published in State Gazette 52: a long-stay residence permit for digital nomads with income of at least 50 minimum monthly wages a year, valid 1 year and renewable once.

    Source: posolstvo.eu (professional summary)

  15. Company formation

    Estonia

    The planned security tax, including a 2% annual tax on company profits from 2026, was abolished before it took effect.

    Source: ey.com (professional summary)

  16. Company formation

    British Virgin Islands

    Placed on the FATF list of jurisdictions under increased monitoring (grey list).

    Source: fatf-gafi.org

  17. Company formation

    Singapore

    Corporate Service Providers Act 2024 in force: nominee directors may only be appointed through a registered corporate service provider, which must check that the person is fit and proper.

    Source: acra.gov.sg

  18. Tax and residency

    Philippines

    Executive Order No. 86 creates a Digital Nomad Visa for remote workers with income from outside the Philippines; no income figure set.

    Source: lawphil.net

  19. Company formation

    Cyprus

    Revised withholding rules for payments to companies in EU non-cooperative jurisdictions.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  20. Tax and residency

    United Kingdom

    Remittance basis and domicile-based taxation abolished; the 4-year FIG regime for new residents after 10 years abroad and the Temporary Repatriation Facility introduced.

    Source: gov.uk

  21. Tax and residency

    Barbados

    The 0.1% Catastrophe Fund contribution became the Resilience and Regeneration Fund: 0.25% of gross earnings for employees and the self-employed, and a new 0.25% for employers. The self-employed National Insurance rate stayed at 17%, unchanged since October 2018.

    Source: nis.gov.bb

  22. Company formation

    United States

    FinCEN interim final rule exempts companies created in the US from beneficial ownership reporting.

    Source: fincen.gov (professional summary)

  23. Company formation

    British Virgin Islands

    BVI Business Companies (Amendment) Act, 2024 in force: companies file beneficial ownership information and their register of members with the Registrar, with new late filing penalties.

    Source: eservices.gov.vg

  24. Tax and residency

    Albania

    Employment income taxed at 13% up to ALL 2,040,000 a year and 23% above.

    Source: tatime.gov.al

  25. Tax and residency

    Antigua and Barbuda

    Social security contribution rates rose to 16% for private sector employment and 15% for the public sector; the self-employed rate stayed at 10%.

    Source: socialsecurity.gov.ag

  26. Tax and residency

    Armenia

    1% turnover tax for activities on the Government's high-tech list, effective until December 31, 2031 (Laws HO-285-N and HO-500-N of 2024).

    Source: arlis.am

  27. Tax and residency

    Armenia

    Turnover tax on services and other activities raised from 5% of turnover to 10%, reduced by 6% of documented direct costs to a 4.5% floor (Law HO-285-N of June 12, 2024).

    Source: primeminister.am (professional summary)

  28. Company formation

    Estonia

    Distribution tax rose from 20/80 to 22/78, and the lower 14/86 rate for regular dividends with its 7% withholding ended.

    Source: emta.ee

  29. Tax and residency

    Estonia

    Income tax rate raised from 20% to 22% and the corporate tax on distributions from 20/80 to 22/78; the lower 14/86 rate for regular dividends and the 7% withholding on dividends to individuals were abolished.

    Source: emta.ee

  30. Company formation

    Ireland

    VAT registration thresholds rose to EUR 42,500 for services and EUR 85,000 for goods.

    Source: revenue.ie (professional summary)

  31. Tax and residency

    Malaysia

    Individuals pay 2% on Malaysian company dividends above MYR 100,000 a year.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  32. Tax and residency

    Philippines

    SSS contribution rate rises from 14% to 15% and the maximum monthly salary credit from PHP 30,000 to PHP 35,000.

    Source: sss.gov.ph

  33. Tax and residency

    Singapore

    Employment Pass qualifying salary raised to SGD 5,600 a month (SGD 6,200 in financial services).

    Source: mom.gov.sg

  34. Tax and residency

    The Bahamas

    The minimum investment for economic permanent residence rose to $1,000,000 (from $750,000 per secondary reports).

    Source: immigration.gov.bs (professional summary)

Changes in 2024

  1. Tax and residency

    Malaysia

    Foreign-sourced income exemption for resident individuals extended from December 31, 2026 to December 31, 2036 (P.U.(A) 451/2024).

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  2. Tax and residency

    Cayman Islands

    The Global Citizen Concierge Program for remote workers expired; the last date for applications was October 31, 2022.

    Source: maples.com (professional summary)

  3. Company formation

    United Arab Emirates

    Economic substance notifications and reports cancelled for financial years ending after December 31, 2022 (Cabinet Decision No. 98 of 2024).

    Source: mof.gov.ae

  4. Tax and residency

    Greece

    Joint Ministerial Decision 225679 set the digital nomad income requirement at EUR 3,500 a month under Law 5038/2023.

    Source: migration.gov.gr

  5. Tax and residency

    Thailand

    Destination Thailand Visa introduced: 5 years, up to 180 days per entry, for remote workers and freelancers.

    Source: kpmg.com (professional summary)

  6. Tax and residency

    Hungary

    Guest Investor Residence Permit launched: EUR 250,000 in Hungarian real estate fund units or a EUR 1,000,000 university donation, 10 years.

    Source: fragomen.com (professional summary)

  7. Tax and residency

    Monaco

    FATF placed Monaco under increased monitoring (grey list); it is still listed on June 19, 2026.

    Source: fatf-gafi.org

  8. Tax and residency

    Albania

    Constitutional Court decision 52 struck down the government decision that set separate treatment for professional-service providers; their 2024 prepayments were refunded or cancelled.

    Source: tatime.gov.al

  9. Tax and residency

    Malaysia

    DE Rantau Nomad Pass opened to non-tech roles with a minimum income of USD 60,000 a year.

    Source: digital.gov.my (professional summary)

  10. Tax and residency

    Hong Kong

    Two-tiered standard rate for salaries tax and personal assessment from 2024/25: 15% on the first HKD 5,000,000 of net income, 16% above.

    Source: ird.gov.hk

  11. Tax and residency

    Malta

    Nomad Residence Permit income requirement raised to EUR 42,000 gross a year for new applications (from EUR 32,400).

    Source: nomad.residencymalta.gov.mt

  12. Company formation

    United Kingdom

    VAT registration threshold raised to GBP 90,000.

    Source: gov.uk (professional summary)

  13. Company formation

    Cyprus

    The EUR 350 annual company levy was repealed from 2024 (Law 25(I)/2024).

    Source: companies.gov.cy

  14. Tax and residency

    Hong Kong

    New Capital Investment Entrant Scheme opens: HKD 30,000,000 of permissible investments.

    Source: newcies.gov.hk

  15. Tax and residency

    Albania

    Law 29/2023 on income tax replaced Law 8438/1998; self-employed business income taxed at 15% up to ALL 14 million and 23% above, with 0% for gross income up to ALL 14 million.

    Source: tatime.gov.al

  16. Company formation

    Hong Kong

    Foreign-sourced income exemption rules extended to disposal gains on all types of property for members of multinational groups.

    Source: ird.gov.hk

  17. Company formation

    Ireland

    Pillar Two 15% minimum tax started for groups with revenue of EUR 750 million or more. It does not affect a one-person company.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

  18. Tax and residency

    Italy

    New impatriate regime: 50% of qualifying work income taxed, capped at EUR 600,000, 3 prior years abroad, 4-year stay commitment, high qualification required.

    Source: agenziaentrate.gov.it

  19. Tax and residency

    Portugal

    NHR closed to new entrants, with transitional access for people registered or resident by the cut-off dates; IFICI created as its replacement.

    Source: info.portaldasfinancas.gov.pt

  20. Company formation

    Singapore

    Section 10L regime: gains from selling foreign assets received in Singapore are taxed unless the entity has adequate economic substance in Singapore (applies to members of multinational groups).

    Source: iras.gov.sg (professional summary)

  21. Tax and residency

    Thailand

    Foreign income earned from 2024 becomes taxable when a tax resident brings it into Thailand in the same or any later year (Revenue Department instructions Por. 161/2566 and Por. 162/2566).

    Source: rd.go.th

Changes in 2023

  1. Tax and residency

    Brazil

    Law 14.754 taxes residents' foreign financial investments and controlled foreign entity profits at a flat 15% a year from January 1, 2024.

    Source: planalto.gov.br

  2. Tax and residency

    Malta

    Nomad Residence Permits (Income Tax) Rules in force: 0% on remote-work income for 12 months, then a flat 10%.

    Source: legislation.mt

  3. Company formation

    Seychelles

    Added to Annex I of the EU list of non-cooperative jurisdictions, and later moved to Annex II.

    Source: consilium.europa.eu

  4. Tax and residency

    United Arab Emirates

    Corporate tax starts; a natural person's business is taxed only above AED 1,000,000 of turnover a year (Cabinet Decision No. 49 of 2023).

    Source: mof.gov.ae

  5. Company formation

    United Kingdom

    Main rate of corporation tax rose to 25%, with a 19% small profits rate and marginal relief between GBP 50,000 and GBP 250,000.

    Source: gov.uk

  6. Tax and residency

    Romania

    Law 69/2023 exempted non-resident digital nomads (183 days or less in 12 months) from income tax, CAS and CASS on pay from a foreign employer or own foreign company.

    Source: static.anaf.ro (professional summary)

  7. Tax and residency

    United Arab Emirates

    Statutory tax residence tests for individuals take effect (Cabinet Decision No. 85 of 2022).

    Source: tax.gov.ae

  8. Company formation

    British Virgin Islands

    Government incorporation and annual fees raised from $450 to $550 for companies authorized to issue up to 50,000 shares, and from $1,200 to $1,350 above that.

    Source: bvifsc.vg

  9. Company formation

    Hong Kong

    Foreign-sourced income exemption rules start: foreign interest, dividends, IP income and equity disposal gains received in Hong Kong by members of multinational groups are taxed unless substance or other conditions are met.

    Source: ird.gov.hk

  10. Tax and residency

    Philippines

    Current graduated rate schedule takes effect: 0% up to PHP 250,000, top rate 35% above PHP 8,000,000.

    Source: lawphil.net

  11. Tax and residency

    Spain

    Startup Law 28/2022 opened the art. 93 regime to remote employees, directors, entrepreneurs and highly qualified professionals, cut the prior non-residence period to 5 years, and created the international telework visa.

    Source: boe.es

Changes in 2022

  1. Tax and residency

    Paraguay

    New Migration Law 6984/2022 makes temporary residence of up to 2 years the required step before permanent residence, with investors under the SUACE law exempt.

    Source: bacn.gov.py

  2. Tax and residency

    Costa Rica

    Law 10208 lets the remote worker permit be granted for less than 1 year (authentic interpretation of Law 10008, article 15).

    Source: pgrweb.go.cr

  3. Tax and residency

    Indonesia

    Law No. 7 of 2021 sets the current 5% to 35% rate table and the 4-year Indonesian-source regime for foreign experts.

    Source: pajak.go.id

  4. Tax and residency

    Monaco

    The profit tax (ISB) rate reached 25% for financial years starting on or after January 1, 2022, down from 31% in 2019.

    Source: monentreprise.gouv.mc

  5. Tax and residency

    Montenegro

    Europe Now reform: 0% band on salaries up to EUR 700 a month and on entrepreneurial income up to EUR 8,400 a year; 9% and 15% above.

    Source: taxsummaries.pwc.com (professional summary)

Changes in 2021

  1. Company formation

    Seychelles

    Companies in multinational groups keep the exemption on foreign passive income only if they pass an economic substance test in Seychelles.

    Source: src.gov.sc

  2. Tax and residency

    Croatia

    Digital nomad temporary stay introduced and digital nomad pay from foreign employers exempted from income tax (Narodne novine 138/2020).

    Source: narodne-novine.nn.hr

Changes in 2020

  1. Tax and residency

    Monaco

    Sovereign Ordinance 8.373 set the criteria for the residence certificate for tax purposes: more than 183 days, principal place of business in Monaco, or the majority of the year in Monaco.

    Source: monservicepublic.gouv.mc

How entries get into the log

An entry is added when we re-check a country or jurisdiction and find a rule that changed, or when a change is announced with a start date. The date is the day the change was made or takes effect, and the source is the one we read it at. Scores are recalculated from the same data, so a change that moves a country's tax band or access points moves its rank under the rules in how the Index is calculated.

David Sisvadze

CEO at Nomad Tax Map

David brings 13+ years of experience, including 6 years with the Revenue Service of Georgia and 7 years managing private-sector import operations. He has a strong background in customs, imports, exports, and cross-border logistics.